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The fifth sutra of the Samadhipada, from here on, Patanjali goes into the depths, deep analysis of the vṛttis. Having stated the importance of the vṛttis, now he comes to various dimensions and analyzes the vṛttis. The fifth sutra is
वृ॒त्त॒यः पञ्चतय्यः क्लि॑ष्टाऽक्लि॒ष्टाः ॥ १.५॥
Vṛttayaḥ pañcatayyaḥ kliṣṭā'kliṣṭāḥ ॥ 1.5 ॥
Vṛttayaḥ is the plural for vṛtti. Vṛtti is one. Vṛttayaḥ is the plural. Number of Vṛttis many many Vṛttis so all these Vṛttis in English when we are saying Vṛttis in Sanskrit it is called Vṛttayaḥ so Vṛttayaḥ is Vṛttis. Pañcatayyaḥ pañca is five tayaha kinds types here Patanjali is classifying Vṛttis into five, is classifying Vṛttis into five, five kinds of Vṛttis five types, of Vṛttis there may be thousands of Vṛttis hundreds of Vṛttis, so many modifications may be there in the mind but all these thoughts all these modifications, all these Vṛttis they come under five kinds five categories five divisions five types. All entire functions of the mind entire gamut of Vṛttis are put under just five and they are kliṣṭā and akliṣṭāḥ kliṣṭā is involving klesha. Klesha is generally means difficult to remove. Kliṣṭā is difficult to remove. Difficult to remove that is kliṣṭā is a tough one. It's very difficult to remove which we use commonly in our transactions it's very kliṣṭā very difficult very tough means it's kliṣṭā. Akliṣṭā not difficult means it is not easy but not difficult so kliṣṭā Vṛttis are Vṛttis which are difficult to remove because removal is important nirodha kliṣṭā Vṛttis are tough to remove. Maybe it may take more time. It may involve more prayatna. It may involve more effort. It may require more attention. So kliṣṭā Vṛttis are difficult to remove. That's why it is called kliṣṭā.
But Patanjali when he says five types, three are kliṣṭā two are akliṣṭā, or one is akliṣṭā four are kliṣṭā. He is not dividing like that. All the Vṛttis are put under five and all these Vṛttis many are akliṣṭā many are kliṣṭā. This kliṣṭā and akliṣṭā is not concerned not connected to the number pañca. You should be very clear in this kliṣṭā and akliṣṭā is not concerned with the five. It is concerned with Vṛttis. Vṛttis are five types. And that is how the sutra reads Vṛttayaḥ pañcatayyaḥ kliṣṭā'kliṣṭāḥ.
So those Vṛttis which are difficult to remove. And there are Vṛttis which are less difficult to remove this pancha has a very unique place in our tradition in our practices. We have pañca bhutas, pañca nadis. Similarly pañca has a typical number pañca jnanendriyas pañca karmendriyas and pañca has that significance. So Patanjali uses took that word or used that number pañca.
It is also said that patanjali yoga darshana has very closely related to sankhya darshanam. Sankhya, Sankhya Darshanam. And there is also maybe one of the reasons Patanjali takes up this word pañcatayyaḥ. Though Vṛttis are innumerable, those Vṛttis are numberless infinite but they can also be put under five classifications. This is very very important because Patanjali concerned with the practice side. Patanjali yoga darshanam or yoga is concerned it provokes one for the sadhana practical side. So that five signifies condensing entire existence of Vṛttis into five types. So that is the Vṛttayaḥ pañcatayyaḥ. Simple sutra but it has a message that though Vṛttis are innumerable and infinite with various qualities and all that but they are all come under just five divisions and all these Vṛttis are of chest, kliṣṭā and akliṣṭā. Someare easily removable some are very difficult to remove. We should also remember difficulty to remove and not so difficult to remove it doesn't mean it doesn't signify it doesn't convey that difficulty to remove Vṛttis are to be substituted by less difficult to be removed means kliṣṭā Vṛttis are not to be substituted with akliṣṭā Vṛttis. It is not that it is not one is substituted with the other many times we feel when one thought is troubling we try to change to another thought. But ultimately we should remember that both kliṣṭā and akliṣṭā all Vṛttis they have to be removed, nirodha is to be done. So it is not that one to be substituted or one to be put in the place of the other easier. One in the tougher one easier one in the place of the tougher one. Oh this idea is easy to control. So I will substitute that which is cannot be controlled becoming tough with me. I will substitute with this no it cannot be like that. It may be useful in the practical side. But ultimately we should remember both are to be removed.
So Vṛttayaḥ pañcatayyaḥ kliṣṭā'kliṣṭāḥ. I will repeat the meaning again. There are vṛttis which are painful or not painful or which are tough to remove difficult to remove or lesser difficult to remove and vṛttis are put under five classifications Vṛttayaḥ pañcatayyaḥ kliṣṭā'kliṣṭāḥ. And next sutras are the in-depth analysis of the Vṛttis and that's very important in the journey of the practice of yoga. Let us see those important sutras. Shanti Shanti Shanti
Om Shanti Shanti Shanti
ॐ शान्तिः शान्तिः शान्तिः||
To Be Continued..
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These are transcriptions of sessions delivered by Vice-President of Vivekananda Rock Memorial & Vivekananda Kendra, Sri M. Hanumantha Rao Ji.
Audio Link - https://youtu.be/bbWA5FtEWMc?si=iRjcZSNEJr3gNHAY
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मुक्तसंग्ङोऽनहंवादी धृत्युत्साहसमन्वित:।
सिद्धयसिद्धयोर्निर्विकार: कर्ता सात्त्विक उच्यते ॥१८.२६॥
Freed from attachment, non-egoistic, endowed with courage and enthusiasm and unperturbed by success or failure, the worker is known as a pure (Sattvika) one. Four outstanding and essential qualities of a worker. - Bhagwad Gita : XVIII-26
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