ॐ ॐ ॐ
ॐ सहनाववतु । सह नौ भुनक्तु ।
सहवीर्यं करवावहै । तेजस्विनावधीतमस्तु मा विद्विषावहै ॥
ॐ शान्तिः शान्तिः शान्तिः ॥
Om saha nāvavatu | saha nau bhunaktu |
saha vīryaṃ karavāvahai | tejasvināvadhītam astu mā vidviṣāvahai ||
Om śāntiḥ śāntiḥ śāntiḥ ||
Welcome to the continuous sessions on Patanjali Yoga Sutras which is also called as Patanjal Yoga Darshanam. Yoga Darshanam, the word Darshanam means having a vision, having a vision of our true self, what we are, what is our real nature and that vision through Yoga, Yoga Darshanam, Yoga shows our real nature. As you all know, Patanjal Yoga Darshanam or Patanjal Yoga Sutras are authored by the great Maharshi Patanjali.
Patanjali is considered to be an avatar, an incarnation of Adishesha. He is also known to be a master in Ayurveda, grammar, apart from Yoga. The very famous traditional shloka in praise of Maharshi Patanjali,it goes like this,
योगेन चित्तस्य पदेन वाचां मलं शरीरस्य च वैद्यकेन ।
योऽपाकरोत्तं प्रवरं मुनीनां पतञ्जलिं प्राञ्जलिरानतोऽस्मि ॥
yogena cittasya padena vācāṃ malaṃ śarīrasya ca vaidyakena |
yo'pākarot taṃ pravaraṃ munīnāṃ patañjaliṃ prāñjalir ānato'smi ||
I offer my salutations to the great Patanjali who purified or removed the impurities of the body through Ayurveda, impurities of speech through grammar and impurities of the mind by Yoga.This shloka also symbolises, signifies that Maharshi Patanjali is a master of Ayurveda, Sanskrit grammar and of course the Yoga. The very famous text on grammar, Ashtadhyayi which is also authored (Mahabhashya) by Maharshi Patanjali.
There are various versions about Maharshi. Traditionally it is said that he was born in Kashmir and we find his Samadhi in the great Rameshwaram temple where there is a Rudraksha Mandapam. It is said that he gave up his body there. Patanjal Yoga Sutra transforms our lives. It changes our vision of life. It changes our view of life. And Patanjali Yoga Sutra also gives a correct version a real true picture of what Yoga is.
Maharshi Patanjali distributes 195 Sutras in 4 Padas. The first one is called as Samadhi Pada which has 51 Sutras. The second one is called as Sadhana Pada which has 55 Sutras.
And the third is Vibhuti Pada which has 55 Sutras. And the last one is the Kaivalya Pada which has 34 Sutras. They are called as Sutras. Sanskrit language has this unique literature. The Sutra literature. There are various Sutras down from the beginning. The Chatus Sutri, Brahma Sutras, Nyaya Sutras, Bhakti Sutras, Samkhya Sutras. Then there are varieties of Sutras. Griha Sutras.
There are thousands of Sutra literature in Sanskrit. What is the speciality of this Sutra? The tradition defines what is a Sutra. Or describes what is a Sutra. There is a beautiful Shloka which goes like this.
अल्पाक्षरमसन्दिग्धं सारवद्विश्वतोमुखम्। अस्तोभमनवद्यं च सूत्रं सूत्रविदो विदुः॥
Six components or six qualities. Six Lakshanas of a Sutra is described in this. The first one is Alpaksharam (अल्पाक्षरम्). A Sutra will have minimum number of letters, syllables, Aksharas. And a Sutra conveys its message without any doubt (असन्दिग्धं). Clear presentation of the idea.
And the third is Saharvat. It gives the essence of the message. It encompasses entire gamut of the meaning (विश्वतोमुखम्). Nothing is left out. Astobham. No word, no meaning or no shabda is repeated. Astobham. No repetition. And the last one is Anavadyam.It is faultless. These are the six qualities, components. Lakshanas given for a Sutra.
So all the 195 Sutras, each Sutra has all these six components. Not a single letter, not a single word can be changed. And each word has a tremendous potency in conveying its message. From now on, let us continue our journey of understanding each Sutra of Maharshi's Patanjali Yoga Sutra. We shall begin from first Sutra of the first Pada. For our convenience, we shall use the word chapter. So first Sutra of the first chapter. Thank you.
Audio Link - https://youtu.be/TK-CakokQjM?si=v4S3HCCT0hRBAgYE
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मुक्तसंग्ङोऽनहंवादी धृत्युत्साहसमन्वित:।
सिद्धयसिद्धयोर्निर्विकार: कर्ता सात्त्विक उच्यते ॥१८.२६॥
Freed from attachment, non-egoistic, endowed with courage and enthusiasm and unperturbed by success or failure, the worker is known as a pure (Sattvika) one. Four outstanding and essential qualities of a worker. - Bhagwad Gita : XVIII-26
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