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Continuing the understanding of the important sutras connected to the sadhana and its suggestions, effects, understanding, 32nd sutra is another important sutra, how to counter, how to overcome the vikṣepas, antarāyas, impediments, obstacles, hurdles, distractions. How to overcome it? How to counter it? That is the 32nd sutra. The wonder of the sutra says, Maharishi Patanjali is systematically unfolding the yoga darshana and points, helps for a sadhak, for a yoga sadhaka and to attain, stabilize in the state of yoga - citta-vṛtti-nirodha-sthiti. That is the beauty of the sutras. 32nd sutra is
तत्प्र॒ति॒षे॒धा॒र्थमेकत॑त्त्वाभ्या॒सः ॥ १.३२॥
Tat-pratiṣedhārthamekatattvābhyāsaḥ ॥ 1.32 ॥
Tat pratiṣedha artham ekatattva abhyāsaḥ.
How beautiful it is. Suggestion is very simple. tat pratiṣedha arthaṃ ekatattva abhyāsaḥ, Pratiṣedha is the countering, overcoming, challenging. So countering what is mentioned in the previous sutra, that is the pratiṣedha. That is the tat is citta vikṣepa. Tat pratiṣedha arthaṃ, tat - that, citta vikṣepa, pratiṣedha countering, arthaṃ for, pratiṣedha arthaṃ for countering the citta vikṣepa, that is the meaning. tat pratiṣedha arthaṃ means for countering citta vikṣepas, What is to be done? ekatattva abhyāsa. Practice ekatattva, practice the ekatattva, This ekatattva word is a very important dimension because we have seen what is abhyāsa, when we have tried to understand abhyāsa- vairāgya sutra connected to abhyāsa, vairāgya sutra. And here ekatattva abhyāsa is told.
And what is this ekatattva abhyāsa? Once keeping the abhyāsa word separately, if we try to understand quite deeply, what is this ekatattva? Ekatattva has two words, eka and tattva - Means practice of one particular technique. ekatattva, without changing the practice, without changing the technique. How important it is? Generally, the normal understanding, normal practical suggestions, all the sadhakas in the common parlance, people keep on changing the techniques, keep on changing the systems. But Maharishi is suggesting it ekatattva abhyāsaḥ. Do not change. Hold on, persevere, continue, strengthen, deepen the practice.
So ekatattva abhyāsaḥ is practice of the one tattva. Tattva has two meanings. One is the practice, technique. Another important meaning of ekatattva is tattva of ekatvam. Means practice of seeing ekatva, practice of oneness. Ekatattva it is. ekatattva has one particular word and abhyāsa it is. Means abhyāsa of ekatattva.
Another meaning which we saw earlier is practice of ekatattva, one technique. Both are of course not much different. One is a deep philosophical dimension and another is a very important physical practice.
So when citta vikṣepas are overcome or when the citta vikṣepas are removed, the mind gets into the state of stability. The mind gets into the state of sthiratvaṃ, niścalatvaṃ, nirodha. And that is where the importance of practice is important.
So instead of keep on changing and experimenting with techniques, we will be all actually losing the grip and losing, we should say, valuable time in our practise. Stick on to the practise. Deepen the practise. Hold on to your technique. Hold on to your system. There is no good or better system. There is no most efficient, more efficient systems. Catch, hold on, persevere. Whatever suits, comfortable. Once we choose it, stabilise the practise in that.
So this sutra has that very important suggestion by Maharishi Patanjali for countering the antarāyas. Many people have asked the question how to come out of the difficulties, how to come out of the impediments. And pratiṣedha arthaṃ is for countering. What is to be done? ekatattva abhyāsaḥ is to be done.
And this is an important suggestion for all the practical dimensions of the yoga and in fact for all spiritual practises. Let us understand the importance of this particular sutra for all our practical dimensions, for all our practises. In all our practises Maharishi Patanjali's suggestion, suggesting that for the removal and overcoming of the antarāyas - tat-pratiṣedhārthamekatattvābhyāsaḥ - that is an important sutra.
And let us understand the further sutras.
Oṃ śānti śānti śānti.
ॐ शान्तिः शान्तिः शान्तिः||
To Be Continued.. ---------------------------------------- These are transcription of session delivered by Vice-President of Vivekananda Rock Memorial & Vivekananda Kendra, Sri M. Hanumantha Rao Ji.
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मुक्तसंग्ङोऽनहंवादी धृत्युत्साहसमन्वित:।
सिद्धयसिद्धयोर्निर्विकार: कर्ता सात्त्विक उच्यते ॥१८.२६॥
Freed from attachment, non-egoistic, endowed with courage and enthusiasm and unperturbed by success or failure, the worker is known as a pure (Sattvika) one. Four outstanding and essential qualities of a worker. - Bhagwad Gita : XVIII-26
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