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Sutra number 23 and 24, these two sutras have a discussion on principles of samyoga, conjunction of prakṛti and puruṣa, the cause of creation. Why this world is created, what is the cause behind it? The Yoga Darśana discusses this in these two wonderful sutras, Sutra number 23 and 24. Let us see the first one, the 23rd sutra of the Sādhanapāda. The sutra is
स्वस्वा॒मिश॒क्त्योः स्व॒रू॒पोपलब्धिहेतुः सं॒योगः ॥ २.२३॥
svāsvāmiśaktyoḥ svarūpopalabdhihetuḥ saṃyogaḥ ॥ 2.23 ॥
That is the word breaking: Sva, svāmi-śaktyoḥ, svarūpa, upalabdhi, hetuḥ, saṃyogaḥ. So, sva is one's own. Svā-śaktiḥ — one's own power, one's own potentiality. Svāmi-śaktyoḥ. Svāmi is owner, the person who owns. I am the svāmi of my body, I am the svāmi of my mind — that is the svāmi. Then śakti is of course power. Svarūpa is original state, svarūpa. Upalabdhi is gain. Upalabdhi is gain — labdhi and upalabdhi. Hetuḥ — what is the purpose, the objective. And saṃyogaḥ is the joining. Technically actually there is no joining. So saṃyogaḥ is translated into English as an illusion of linking of puruṣa and prakṛti. But it is saṃyogaḥ, even though there is no real saṃyogaḥ; that is how it is to be understood. So saṃyogaḥ is that which brings about the recognition of the natures of the power, svasvāmi-śaktyoḥ. Conjunction, that is saṃyogaḥ, is that which brings about the recognition of the natures of the power of owning and the capacity of being owned. Svasvāmi-śaktyoḥ svarūpopalabdhi-hetuḥ saṃyogaḥ. The purpose of coming together, that is saṃyogaḥ, of the puruṣa and the prakṛti, the dṛśya and the dṛṣṭā, the purpose of coming together of these two is gaining by the puruṣa the awareness of his true nature, the true nature, svarūpa, and the unfoldment of powers inherent in him, śakti, and in the prakṛti. The unfoldment and expression of the power in puruṣa and the unfoldment and expression of the powers in the dṛśya. For that purpose saṃyogaḥ is there. What a beautiful idea it is. Means, the dṛśya–dṛṣṭā saṃyogaḥ, the prakṛti–puruṣa saṃyogaḥ. What is the purpose? What is the upalabdhi, the benefit, the gain? The upalabdhi is to manifest the powers of himself and to bring out the powers in the dṛśya. How beautiful it is.
In Aruṇagiri Sūtra when it is said that the world is meant for him, meant for me, this world is meant to bring out the powers within me, the hidden potential powers within me, sva-śakti and svarūpa. The purpose of saṃyogaḥ is regaining that awareness. So the two purposes have been mentioned in this particular sutra. One is to bring out the potentialities — śakti, the powers seen, unseen, hidden in me and also in the world and the second purpose is to recognize, to realize my original nature, svarūpa, two purposes.
So though philosophically and technically we may negate the world, saying there is nothing in this world, but Yoga Darśana presents the positive side that this world is there for the purpose of recognizing our real powers. Not only that — to express our powers, the śakti within us, and also to bring out the powers hidden in that. How positive and how expressive the Yoga Darśana's point is, a very important dimension.
So the saṃyoga, the conjunction, has happened. Instead of pondering, discussing, and arguing why the saṃyoga took place, instead of wasting time and energy on that side, having the saṃyoga happened, let us make use of it to bring out the hidden potentialities in me and the powers in the dṛśya. Then the saṃyoga is helpful to the sādhaka to achieve his ultimate objective, the goal of Yoga — the attainment of kaivalya, citta-vṛtti-nirodhaḥ, and to regain my svarūpa. So the world is useful. The saṃyoga which is the cause of duḥkha, but here in this particular sutra it can be looked upon optimistically. In Sutra number 17 it was said that saṃyoga is a duḥkha-kāraṇa, but here it is looked upon optimistically — that it is to express our powers.
The difficulties and challenges which come will help; they will be taken as tools in expressing my hidden potentialities. This is a positive and optimistic way of looking at the world — the challenges, the problems, the difficulties. Exactly this sutra says that svarūpa-pratiṣṭhā, an absolute control over it. That is the 23rd sutra which beautifully expresses that the saṃyoga which is there is to bring out the powers within. That is an important dimension which we should all remember; that the world full of difficulties is actually helpful to bring out my potentialities, especially for sādhakas like us. And that is how the sutra wonderfully goes: Svāsvāmiśaktyoḥ svarūpopalabdhihetuḥ saṃyogaḥ. Let us see the further sutras.
Om śāntiḥ śāntiḥ śāntiḥ
ॐ शान्तिः शान्तिः शान्तिः|| To Be Continued.. ----------------------------------------
These are transcription of session delivered by Vice-President of Vivekananda Rock Memorial & Vivekananda Kendra, Sri M. Hanumantha Rao Ji.
Audio Link - https://youtu.be/IbU-dNsWqOQ?si=2e6fNWsVg97ruZM9Read n Get Articles, Magazines, Books @ http://prakashan.vivekanandakendra.org
मुक्तसंग्ङोऽनहंवादी धृत्युत्साहसमन्वित:।
सिद्धयसिद्धयोर्निर्विकार: कर्ता सात्त्विक उच्यते ॥१८.२६॥
Freed from attachment, non-egoistic, endowed with courage and enthusiasm and unperturbed by success or failure, the worker is known as a pure (Sattvika) one. Four outstanding and essential qualities of a worker. - Bhagwad Gita : XVIII-26
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